The Bilingual Courtroom
Court Interpreters in the Judicial Process, Second Edition
9780226329161
9780226329338
9780226329475
The Bilingual Courtroom
Court Interpreters in the Judicial Process, Second Edition
Susan Berk-Seligson’s groundbreaking book draws on more than one hundred hours of audio recordings of Spanish/English court proceedings in federal, state, and municipal courts—along with a number of psycholinguistic experiments involving mock juror reactions to interpreted testimony—to present a systematic study of court interpreters that raises some alarming, vitally important concerns. Contrary to the assumption that interpreters do not affect the dynamics of court proceedings, Berk-Seligson shows that interpreters could potentially make the difference between a defendant being found guilty or not guilty of a crime.
This second edition of the The Bilingual Courtroom includes a fully updated review of both theoretical and policy-oriented research relevant to the use of interpreters in legal settings, particularly from the standpoint of linguistic pragmatics. It provides new insights into interpreting in quasi-judicial, informal, and specialized judicial settings, such as small claims court, jails, and prisons; updates trends in interpreter certification and credentialing, both in the United States and abroad; explores remote interpreting (for example, by telephone) and interpreter training programs; looks at political trials and tribunals to add to our awareness of international perspectives on court interpreting; and expands upon cross-cultural issues. Also featuring a new preface by Berk-Seligson, this second edition not only highlights the impact of the previous versions of The Bilingual Courtroom, but also draws attention to the continued need for critical study of interpreting in our ever diversifying society.
This second edition of the The Bilingual Courtroom includes a fully updated review of both theoretical and policy-oriented research relevant to the use of interpreters in legal settings, particularly from the standpoint of linguistic pragmatics. It provides new insights into interpreting in quasi-judicial, informal, and specialized judicial settings, such as small claims court, jails, and prisons; updates trends in interpreter certification and credentialing, both in the United States and abroad; explores remote interpreting (for example, by telephone) and interpreter training programs; looks at political trials and tribunals to add to our awareness of international perspectives on court interpreting; and expands upon cross-cultural issues. Also featuring a new preface by Berk-Seligson, this second edition not only highlights the impact of the previous versions of The Bilingual Courtroom, but also draws attention to the continued need for critical study of interpreting in our ever diversifying society.
Read the introduction.
352 pages | 1 halftone, 4 line drawings, 14 tables | 6 x 9 | © 2017
Law and Legal Studies: General Legal Studies, The Constitution and the Courts
Reviews
Table of Contents
List of Tables and Figures
Foreword
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1: IntroductionForeword
Acknowledgments
The Bilingual Courtroom
Spanish in the Courtroom
Duties of the Court Interpreter
Overview of This Book
Chapter 2: Law and LanguageSpanish in the Courtroom
Duties of the Court Interpreter
Overview of This Book
Legalese or Legal English
Comprehensibility of Legal Language
Spoken Legal Language in the Courtroom
Spoken Legal Language and Social Control
Questions and Control
Comprehensibility of Legal Language
Spoken Legal Language in the Courtroom
Spoken Legal Language and Social Control
Questions and Control
Other Linguistic Devices for Controlling Witness Testimony
The Impact of the Interpreter on Court Talk
Chapter 3: The Bilingual American Courtroom: A Legal Raison d’ÊtreThe Impact of the Interpreter on Court Talk
State Provisions for Court-Appointed Interpreters
Case Law
Case Law
Interpreter for the Witness versus Interpreter for the Party
Waiving One’s Right to an Interpreter
Waiving One’s Right to an Interpreter
Federal Measures
The Court Interpreters Act
The Training and Certification of Federal Court Interpreters
Interpreter Training Programs
Chapter 4: Fieldwork ProceduresThe Training and Certification of Federal Court Interpreters
Interpreter Training Programs
Ethnography
Challenges in the Fieldwork
Challenges in the Fieldwork
Timing of Proceedings
Tape-Recording in the Courtroom
Transcribing the Tapes
Participant Observation in Court Interpreter Training Programs
Chapter 5: The Ethnography of the Bilingual CourtroomTape-Recording in the Courtroom
Transcribing the Tapes
Participant Observation in Court Interpreter Training Programs
How Attention Is Shifted to the Interpreter by Court Proceedings and by Other Parties
Consciousness of the Presence of the Court Interpreter
The Interpreter’s Own Attention-Drawing Behavior
Controlling the Flow of Testimony
The Interpreter’s Own Attention-Drawing Behavior
Controlling the Flow of Testimony
Conclusion
Chapter 6: Interpreter-Induced Alternation in Pragmatic Blame Avoidance MechanismsBlame Avoidance/Attribution Techniques
Passive Voice for Blame Avoidance: A Cross-Cultural Universal
Verb Form and Blame Avoidance in Spanish: Ergativity, Agentless Passives, and Impersonal Constructions
Intransivity and Backgrounding in Legal Discourse
The Manipulation of Grammatical Case in the Bilingual Courtroom
Quantitative Evidence of Variation in the Interpretation of Verb Case
Chapter 7: The Intersection of Testimony Styles in Interpreted Judicial Proceedings: Pragmatics and the Lengthening of TestimonyIntransivity and Backgrounding in Legal Discourse
The Manipulation of Grammatical Case in the Bilingual Courtroom
Quantitative Evidence of Variation in the Interpretation of Verb Case
Length of Answer and Attorney Control
Spanish Is Generally Longer than English in Translation
Lengthening of Testimony by the Court Interpreter
How Testimony Is Lengthened through Interpretation
Conclusion: The Intersection of Testimony Styles
Chapter 8: The Impact of the Interpreter on Mock Juror Evaluations of WitnessesPoliteness in the Bilingual Courtroom
Politeness versus Lack of Politeness: What Difference Does the Interpretation Make?
Politeness versus Lack of Politeness: What Difference Does the Interpretation Make?
Research Design
The Sample
Findings
Politeness: Discussion
The Sample
Findings
Politeness: Discussion
Hyperformality: A Shift Upward in Speech Register
Findings
Register: Discussion
Register: Discussion
Hedging
Findings
Active versus Passive Voice
Findings
The Impact of Interpreter Intrusiveness: The Consequences of Interrupting and Prodding
Interrupting the Attorney
Interrupting the Witness
Prodding the Witness
Interrupting the Witness
Prodding the Witness
Conclusions
Chapter 9: An Appellate View of Interpreting IssuesThe Appellate Cases
Appeals Based on Interpreter Errors/Inaccuracies
Appeals Based on Unqualified Interpreters
Appeals Based on Mode of Interpreting
Jurors and the Interpreter
Appeals Based on Unqualified Interpreters
Appeals Based on Mode of Interpreting
Jurors and the Interpreter
The Implications of Appellate Review for Interpretation in the Courts
Chapter 10: Recent Developments in the Field of Legal InterpretingThe Role of the Interpreter in Court: New Insights
A Heightened Awareness of Pragmatics and Its Role in Interpreted Courtroom Proceedings
Interpreting in Quasi-Judicial, Informal, and Specialized Judicial Settings
A Heightened Awareness of Pragmatics and Its Role in Interpreted Courtroom Proceedings
Interpreting in Quasi-Judicial, Informal, and Specialized Judicial Settings
Interpreting in Police Settings
Interpreting in Immigration and Asylum Cases
Interpreting in the Informal Courtroom
Interpreting in Jails and Prisons
Interpreting in Immigration and Asylum Cases
Interpreting in the Informal Courtroom
Interpreting in Jails and Prisons
Interpreter Certification/Credentialing
Remote (Telephone) Interpreting
Interpreter Training Programs
International Perspectives on Court Interpreting
ConclusionInterpreter Training Programs
International Perspectives on Court Interpreting
References
Appendixes
1: State Legislation Regarding Rights to Court Interpreting
2: Public Law 95–539, Court Interpreters Act
3: Suggested Interpreter’s Written Oath
4: Standards of Professional Conduct and Responsibilities for Members of the Judiciary Interpreters Association of Texas
5: Code of Professional Responsibility for Court Interpreters and Legal Translators
6: National Association of Judiciary Interpreters and Translators Code of Ethics and Professional Responsibilities
7: Text of Experimental Tape Recordings
Notes
References
Name Index
Subject Index
Appendixes
1: State Legislation Regarding Rights to Court Interpreting
2: Public Law 95–539, Court Interpreters Act
3: Suggested Interpreter’s Written Oath
4: Standards of Professional Conduct and Responsibilities for Members of the Judiciary Interpreters Association of Texas
5: Code of Professional Responsibility for Court Interpreters and Legal Translators
6: National Association of Judiciary Interpreters and Translators Code of Ethics and Professional Responsibilities
7: Text of Experimental Tape Recordings
Notes
References
Name Index
Subject Index
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