Misconceiving Merit
Paradoxes of Excellence and Devotion in Academic Science and Engineering
9780226820156
9780226820118
9780226820149
Misconceiving Merit
Paradoxes of Excellence and Devotion in Academic Science and Engineering
An incisive study showing how cultural ideas of merit in academic science produce unfair and unequal outcomes.
In Misconceiving Merit, sociologists Mary Blair-Loy and Erin A. Cech uncover the cultural foundations of a paradox. On one hand, academic science, engineering, and math revere meritocracy, a system that recognizes and rewards those with the greatest talent and dedication. At the same time, women and some racial and sexual minorities remain underrepresented and often feel unwelcome and devalued in STEM. How can academic science, which so highly values meritocracy and objectivity, produce these unequal outcomes?
Blair-Loy and Cech studied more than five hundred STEM professors at a top research university to reveal how unequal and unfair outcomes can emerge alongside commitments to objectivity and excellence. The authors find that academic STEM harbors dominant cultural beliefs that not only perpetuate the mistreatment of scientists from underrepresented groups but hinder innovation. Underrepresented groups are often seen as less fully embodying merit compared to equally productive white and Asian heterosexual men, and the negative consequences of this misjudgment persist regardless of professors’ actual academic productivity. Misconceiving Merit is filled with insights for higher education administrators working toward greater equity as well as for scientists and engineers striving to change entrenched patterns of inequality in STEM.
In Misconceiving Merit, sociologists Mary Blair-Loy and Erin A. Cech uncover the cultural foundations of a paradox. On one hand, academic science, engineering, and math revere meritocracy, a system that recognizes and rewards those with the greatest talent and dedication. At the same time, women and some racial and sexual minorities remain underrepresented and often feel unwelcome and devalued in STEM. How can academic science, which so highly values meritocracy and objectivity, produce these unequal outcomes?
Blair-Loy and Cech studied more than five hundred STEM professors at a top research university to reveal how unequal and unfair outcomes can emerge alongside commitments to objectivity and excellence. The authors find that academic STEM harbors dominant cultural beliefs that not only perpetuate the mistreatment of scientists from underrepresented groups but hinder innovation. Underrepresented groups are often seen as less fully embodying merit compared to equally productive white and Asian heterosexual men, and the negative consequences of this misjudgment persist regardless of professors’ actual academic productivity. Misconceiving Merit is filled with insights for higher education administrators working toward greater equity as well as for scientists and engineers striving to change entrenched patterns of inequality in STEM.
232 pages | 15 line drawings, 9 tables | 6 x 9 | © 2022
Education: Education--General Studies, Higher Education
Sociology: General Sociology, Occupations, Professions, Work, Race, Ethnic, and Minority Relations
Reviews
Table of Contents
List of Tables and Figures
1 Misperceiving Merit, Excellence, and Devotion in Academic STEM
2 The Cultural Construction of Merit in Academic STEM
3 The Work Devotion Schema and Its Consequences
4 Mismeasuring Merit: The Schema of Scientific Excellence as a Yardstick of Merit
5 Defending the Schema of Scientific Excellence, Defending Inequality
6 The Moralization of Merit: Consequences for Scientists and Science
Acknowledgments
Appendix
Notes
References
1 Misperceiving Merit, Excellence, and Devotion in Academic STEM
2 The Cultural Construction of Merit in Academic STEM
3 The Work Devotion Schema and Its Consequences
4 Mismeasuring Merit: The Schema of Scientific Excellence as a Yardstick of Merit
5 Defending the Schema of Scientific Excellence, Defending Inequality
6 The Moralization of Merit: Consequences for Scientists and Science
Acknowledgments
Appendix
Notes
References
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