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Distributed for National University of Singapore Press

Early Southeast Asia

From First Humans to First Civilizations

An essential introduction to Southeast Asia’s ancient history.

For over two million years, Southeast Asia has been a crossroads of human migration and cultural innovation. In this newly updated edition of Early Southeast Asia, archaeologist Charles Higham presents a sweeping narrative of discovery, from the earliest human arrivals to the rise of complex societies. Recent breakthroughs in DNA analysis have reshaped our understanding of the region’s past, revealing that early modern humans not only coexisted but interbred with multiple archaic species. New archaeological techniques have illuminated the spread of rice agriculture from the Yangtze River and the development of vast urban networks hidden beneath dense jungle canopies.

Higham vividly reconstructs the birth of the region’s first civilizations, following the impact of climate shifts, long-distance trade, and the Maritime Silk Road. With pioneering research and a compelling narrative, Early Southeast Asia is an indispensable guide to the ancient past of one of the world’s most dynamic regions, shedding light onto the forces that shaped its people, cultures, and landscapes.

376 pages | 378 color plates, 63 maps | 6.69 x 9.13 | © 2025

Archaeology

Asian Studies: Southeast Asia and Australia

History: Asian History


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Reviews

"This likely remains the book for archaeology junkies, filled as it is with details on innumerable individual sites and excavations, charts, graphs, stratigraphy, geographical distributions, photos of artifacts in situ, maps, etc."

Asian Review of Books

“Southeast Asian history sometimes seems at the periphery of mainstream historical interest [not to us!], but two books this year are exceptions…. Charles Higham’s revised and reissued Early Southeast Asia: From First Humans to First Civilizations (NUS Press) highlights the region’s importance to theories of human evolution due to vital discoveries such as ‘Java Man’, Homo floresiensis (aka ‘the Hobbit’), and the recently discovered Homo luzonensis on the island of Luzon. The use of the new technology of light detection and ranging (‘lidar’) in the past decade has revealed that the Cambodian royal city of Angkor was one of the world’s largest pre-industrial urban centres.”

History Today's Books of Year 2025

“Higham’s remarkable research on a diverse array of subjects, ranging from the origins of rice cultivation and early metallurgy to the emergence of the first states, has made invaluable contributions to the archaeology of Southeast Asia. . . . This book will be crucial reading for novices and experts alike.”

Choice

“Charles Higham incorporates a decade of new scientific discoveries and methodological advances that have significantly reshaped the study of Southeast Asia’s past… The book stands as an essential compendium on Southeast Asia, distinguished by its data-driven analysis, high-quality illustrations, maps, plans and vivid photographs (386 in number) of excavations, artefacts, settlements and monuments, all supported by a thoroughly researched bibliography. Comprehensive in scope and grounded in decades of pioneering fieldwork, Early Southeast Asia represents a mature synthesis of archaeological scholarship in the region…. [This book] stands as a landmark contribution to the archaeology of the region, successfully bringing together an immense body of data within a coherent and accessible interpretive framework.”

The South East Asian Review

Table of Contents

Acknowledgements
Chapter One: Introduction
Chapter Two: The First Humans in Southeast Asia
Chapter Three: Anatomically Modern Humans
Chapter Four: The Neolithic Settlement of Southeast Asia
Chapter Five: The Bronze Age
Chapter Six: The Iron Age
Chapter Seven: The Development of States
Chapter Eight: The State of Angkor, AD 802-1431
Chapter Nine: Concluding Remarks: The Structure of The Past in Southeast Asia
Bibliography
Index

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