Karolinum Press, Charles University
Architects of Long Change
The Expert Roots of Post-Socialism in Czechoslovakia (1980–1995)
Distributed for Karolinum Press, Charles University
Architects of Long Change
The Expert Roots of Post-Socialism in Czechoslovakia (1980–1995)
Architects of Long Change examines expert forms of governance and their legitimization before 1989, as well as the transfer of expert knowledge and practices of political and social management during the democratic transition. The contributors argue that so-called neoliberal governance was not solely the result of imported Western political and cultural models, but was also shaped by intellectual, mental, and sociocultural continuities from the period of late socialism. These continuities—and the broader hypothesis of a “long systemic change” spanning from 1980 to 1995—are explored through case studies in legal science, sociology, urban planning, environmental studies, psychotherapy, and business management.
Architects of Long Change offers a novel perspective on the late communist dictatorship, the democratic revolution of 1989, and the early development of liberal democracy and capitalism in Czechoslovakia and later the Czech Republic.
Table of Contents
Preface to English Edition 11
Introduction (Michal Kopeček) 15
Neoliberal hegemony as a hypothesis 17
Experts in existing social-science and historical research 25
What the reader will find in the book 36
Acknowledgements 46
Ruling by Law: Czech Jurisprudence
from "Repressive Legality" to the Rule of Law,
1969–1994 (Michal Kopeček) 53
From Stalinist "jurisprudence of terror"
to the "civic socialism" of the Prague Spring 60
The normalisation of rule: jurisprudence and "socialist legality"
as instruments to manage and discipline society
under the Husák regime 67
"The rule of law" in the name of socialism? 83
Legalistic revolutions, legal continuity and the origins
of liberal constitutionalism 99
Conclusion 114
Enterprise Management in Czechoslovakia
from Socialism to Capitalism (Tomáš Vilímek) 129
From "purges" to perestroika – socialist managers
in the 1969–1985 period 132
From "restructuring" to demolition – corporate management
at the end of the 1980s 136
The functions and position of the enterprise manager
before 1989 149
Produce or "play the plan parameters game" 151
Political commitment and creating the impression
of "a trustworthy comrade" 154
Enterprise management and the intra-enterprise coalition 161
The post-socialist manager "under fire" in the early 1990s 165
From the Socialist Theory of Management to Neo-Liberal
Managerialism (Michal Kopeček and Václav Rameš) 193
The boom of socialist management theory in Czechoslovakia 201
The socialist management theory of the 1970s
and early 1980s 204
From "socialist competition" to the "sense of being
a socialist manager": management theory at the time
of perestroika 209
Management science at the time of building capitalism
after the democratic revolution 213
Conclusion 219
The Transformation of Socialist Man into the Liberal
Individual? (Adéla Gjuričová) 231
More prolific than one might think 238
Advantages of invisibility 243
At what price? 248
Against hierarchies 252
The golden nineties 256
Therapeutisation: it is a question of where and how 259
Criticism, Management and Business: Social Research
and Sociology as Tools of Governance in Czechoslovakia
after 1969 (Michal Kopeček) 271
Social research and sociology as part of authoritarian governance
in late socialism 277
The sociology of the socialist enterprise and public opinion
research 284
From a sociology of socialist lifestyle to a civil society
paradigm? 291
"Social therapy" or a critical mirror of society? Sociology
in the liberal democracy of the early 1990s 301
Conclusion 318
Between Science and Politics: Ecology in Socialism
and Capitalism (Matěj Spurný) 331
Man and his home: the transformation of sensibilities
at the end of industrial modernity 340
Contradictions in the relationship of state socialist governance
to environmental protection 343
Experts, activists, dissidents and social movements
before November 1989 351
Averting catastrophe: ecology’s finest hour at the turn
of the 1990s 363
The star fades 367
Ecology between marginalization and economization 371
Conclusion 380
Planning Prague in the 1980s–1990s: The Self-Destruction
of Urban Planning Expertise (Petr Roubal) 391
The crisis of modern socialist urban planning 393
Perestroika and the Prague city planning discourse 402
The Battle over Žižkov and Stromovka 407
Anti-communist urbanism: planning expertise after 1989 419
Conclusion 431
List of Abbreviations 441
About the Authors 442