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Distributed for Hong Kong University Press

Sustaining Landscapes

Governance and Ecology in Chinese Visual Culture, 960–1368 CE

Before climate policy, there was landscape painting—how visual culture illustrated ecological concerns in imperial China.

Sustaining Landscapes: Governance and Ecology in Chinese Visual Culture, 960–1368 CE examines ecological thought contested amid the rise of the Chinese landscape genre, tracing its intersections with infrastructure governance, natural resource management, and geospatial knowledge. It traces the pre-industrial notion of “sustainability” in policy debates, legal regulations, and arts. Landscape imagery on paintings, maps, as well as mass-produced artifacts such as fans and ceramic pillows documented both appropriate and exploitative use of natural resources, and critiqued on social inequity and political turmoil. This book breaks new ground by bringing together research on visual and material culture with analysis of politics and ecology. Wang argues that the Chinese landscape genre embodied a holistic approach to negotiating debates on human-nature interdependence and people-state relationships. It joins the increasing literature on ecocriticism and offers alternative perspectives to address contemporary challenges, ranging from environmental crisis to global governance.

220 pages | 127 color plates | 7 x 10 | © 2025

Art: Art--General Studies

Geography: Environmental Geography

History: Asian History


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Reviews

“How to manage the trade-off between short term economic gain and long term environmental sustainability? It seems like a modern question. Surprisingly, it was debated with great insight by thinkers in Chinese history. Even more surprising, it was expressed in subtle ways in Song-Yuan period landscape imagery. Read this fascinating and beautifully illustrated book to find out more!”

Daniel A. Bell, author of "Why Ancient Chinese Political Thought Matters"

“Gerui Wang’s provocative study provides a valuable new perspective on representations of landscape in the tenth through fourteenth centuries. She uncovers unmistakable signs of what we today would call environmental consciousness in artistic and cartographic illustrations of many kinds, reflecting policy debates on natural resource management, and the inequitable social consequences of nature’s exploitation and degradation. This book is a contribution both to art history and the history of ecological thought and action in China. It will change the way we look at these ‘contested landscapes’.”

Ronald Egan, Stanford University

“This insightful work demonstrates vividly the relevance of China’s rich historical experience for humanity’s most pressing challenge today. Thanks to engaging prose, county memos and painted pillows bring to life the yeoman’s struggles or heated capital debates, revealing what was truly at stake in humanity’s early attempts to legislate sustainable use of natural resources.”

Martin Powers, University of Michigan/Peking University

“Drawing on diverse evidence from Song and Yuan-era policy debates, administrative maps, poems and dramas, and landscapes painted on scrolls, fans and ceramic pillows, Gerui Wang’s study reveals the widespread concern with environmental resource and human sustenance as a field of productive tension across imaginary, social, and political arenas.”

Richard Vinograd, Stanford University

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